Sir Issac Newton:

History

Sir Isaac newton was an English mathematician and physicist born in 1642.
Newton theorized that the gravitational force that affects objects on Earth is universal. He used this to explain the orbit of moons and planets. The moon is always being pulled toward the Earth by the gravitational force, but never reaches the surface because of the Earth's curvature.
Newton created three laws describing the motion of objects.
His first law says that objects will remain in their motion unless another force acts on them.
His second law says that there is a relationship between an object's mass, the amount of force applied to it, and it's acceleration. Force = Mass * Acceleration.
His third law says that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton also made advancements in optics. He built the first reflecting telescope, which used mirrors rather than lenses to focus images.

Fields of study:

  1. Mechanics
  2. Optics
  3. Alchemy


Newton's Three laws of motion:

  1. Newton's first law
  2. Newton's second law
  3. Newton's third law

Other topics:

  1. Newton (unit)
  2. Force
  3. Weight

Source:

http://www.newton.ac.uk/newtlife.html
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html